Last time I posted, my computer wouldn't boot anymore. Well everything is OK now, with a surprising result.
My total repair cost was only 1/5 of what it would have costed me to buy new parts. It looks like it was the CPU. After sending my CPU back to AMD, I got a new one sent to me at no charge. I <3 you AMD! I also sent my ASUS motherboard back to have it checked. It was fine and no replacement or repairs were needed.
After getting all my parts back I tried my luck again. Everything booted up again. I was so relieved.
So the lesson is: take your time, don't be impatient, and you won't have bent pins and a broken CPU. ;-)